7. Interest income and expense

Interest income and similaar income 2015 2014
Income from loans and advances to customers, of which: 8 111 716 9 146 594
from impaired loans 349 341 467 098
Income from loans to banks 12 226 7 229
Income from investment securities 703 115 641 242
Income from placements with banks 98 515 140 097
Other 3 321 9 706
Other income, of which: 728 870 792 563
Income from financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair valuethrough profit and loss 222 791 388 234
Income from derivative hedging instruments 450 929 343 316
Income from trading assets 55 150 61 013
Total 9 657 763 10 737 431

In 2015, the amount of tax income reduction in respect of the negative LIBOR is PLN 443 thousand and was recognized as income from loans and advances to customers.

Interest expense and similar charges 2015 2014
Interest expense on amounts due to customers (1 955 195) (2 541 207)
Interest expense on loans from banks (64 918) (86 052)
Interest expense on debt securities in issue and subordinated liabilities (508 982) (512 676)
Premium expense on debt securities available for sale (57 230) (40 927)
Interest expense on deposits from banks (9 088) (11 397)
Interest expense on financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss (15 178) (10 234)
Interest expense on trading assets (18 577) (12 007)
Total (2 629 168) (3 214 500)